What are Pool Chemicals?
Pool chemicals, as the name suggests, are various chemical substances used to maintain the water quality of swimming pools. Their primary functions include disinfecting, adjusting pH levels, eliminating algae, and purifying water, all aimed at ensuring the cleanliness and safety of the pool water, thus providing swimmers with a healthy and comfortable aquatic environment.
Here are the common categories and specific details:
Disinfectants
Disinfectants are essential chemicals for killing bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms in the water.
- Chlorine-based Disinfectants: Such as calcium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, and trichloroisocyanuric acid, these disinfectants are highly effective and cost-efficient. When using them, first dissolve and dilute the chemicals, then evenly distribute them into the pool. The dosage should be determined according to the pool's water volume and quality, typically maintaining a free chlorine level of 0.3 - 1.0mg/L. However, chlorine-based disinfectants have a strong pungent odor and can be corrosive to equipment, so proper ventilation and equipment maintenance are necessary.
- Bromine: As non-chlorine disinfectants, bromine compounds work well under alkaline conditions and are less irritating to the skin and mucous membranes, making them suitable for hot spring pools or pools with higher pH levels. Usually available in the form of bromine tablets or powders, simply add them to the pool according to the instructions. They are relatively more expensive, and their disinfection speed is slower compared to chlorine.
pH Regulators
pH regulators are essential for keeping the pool water's pH level within the optimal range of 7.2 - 7.8.
- pH Increaser: Substances like sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate can raise the pH of acidic pool water. When using them, dissolve the chemicals into a solution first, then slowly add it to the pool while continuously testing the pH to avoid over-adjustment.
- pH Decreaser: Chemicals such as hydrochloric acid, sodium bisulfate, and citric acid are used to lower the pH of overly alkaline pool water. Hydrochloric acid is highly corrosive and should be diluted and added in a well-ventilated area. Sodium bisulfate and citric acid are milder and can be added directly to the pool according to the recommended ratio.
Algicides
Algicides are used to prevent the growth of algae and keep the pool water clear and free from discoloration.
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- Copper Sulfate: Copper sulfate inhibits algae growth by disrupting their photosynthesis through copper ions. First, dissolve it and then evenly sprinkle it into the pool. The dosage must be strictly controlled, as excessive use can turn the water blue, irritate the skin, and corrode equipment.
- Specialized Algicides: These are highly effective and low-toxic. Just add them directly to the pool according to the product instructions. They can be used at the early signs of algae growth or as a preventive measure
